Muhtaram / Muhtaramah
In the Name of Allāh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāh wa-barakātuh.
Islam is a religion that encourages peace and harmony. There is no other religion that emphasises on good character and good conduct more than the religion of Islam. The books of Hadith are replete with advices regarding good character and pleasant conduct.
1) It is narrated on the authority of Abu Dharr (Radiallahu Anhu) that the prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said, "Deal with the people (Muslims and non-Muslims) in a good manner". (Sunan Tirmidhi, Hadith # 2115).
عن أبى ذر قال قال لى رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « اتق الله حيثما كنت وأتبع السيئة الحسنة تمحها وخالق الناس بخلق حسن » (سنن الترمذي، الحديث رقم:2115)
2) It is narrated on the authority of Ibn Umar (Radiallahu Anhu) that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said, "The most beloved of people to Allah are those who benefit people (Muslims and non-Muslims) the most. (Majma'uz Zawaa'id)
أحب الناس إلى الله عز وجل أنفعهم للناس (مجمع الزوائد)
These are just two examples from the treasures of Hadith that are brimming with advices on being kind to people.
Allah Ta'ala states in the Holy Qur'aan, "Allah does not forbid you from doing good and justice to those (non-Muslims) who did not fight you because of faith and did not expel you from your homes. Surely Allah loves those who maintain justice. (Al-Mumtahinah, Verse: 8)
The great commentator of the Holy Qur'aan, Mufti Muhammed Shafee (Rahimahullah) states the following in the commentary of this verse:
"The verse directs that justice and good behaviour should be maintained with those unbelievers who did not fight the Muslims. As for justice, it is obligatory to maintain with every non-Muslim, whether he is a citizen of an Islamic state or the Muslims have a peace agreement with him or the citizen of an un-Islamic state even though he is at war with Muslims. Rather, Islam enjoins upon Muslims to do justice even to animals. We are not allowed to lay a burden on them more than they can bear. We need to take care of their fodder and comfort. The focus of the verse, therefore, is upon the direction that they should be treated, not only with justice, but also in a good and courteous manner".
"Ruling: This verse proves that optional charities may be spent on non-Muslim citizens of an Islamic state and on non-Muslims with whom Muslims have a peace pact. It is however, forbidden to spend on non-believers who are at war with Muslims". (Ma'ariful Qur'aan, Pg: 419, Vol: 8)
It is evident from the abovementioned texts that it is not permissible to interfere with the lives of those non-Muslims who are not at war with the Muslims.
And Allah knows best.
Darul Iftaa
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